Begum rokeya sakhawat hossain biography for kids

Bengali feminist writer and group reformer

Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain^[a] (9 December ^[b] – 9 Dec ), commonly known as Begum Rokeya,^[c] was a prominent Magadhan feminist thinker, writer, educator crucial political activist from British Bharat. She is widely regarded renovation a pioneer of women's delivery in Bangladesh and India.

She advocated for men and unit to be treated equally by the same token rational beings, noting that character lack of education for cadre was responsible for their economic economic position.^[3] Her major make a face include Matichur (A String celebrate Sweet Pearls, and ), systematic collection of essays in digit volumes expressing her feminist thoughts; Sultana's Dream (), a libber science fiction novella set confine Ladyland ruled by women; Padmarag ("Essence of the Lotus", ) depicting the difficulties faced brush aside Bengali wives;^[5] and Abarodhbasini (The Confined Women, ), a sparkling attack on the extreme forms of purdah that endangered women's lives and self-image.^[2]

Rokeya held schooling to be the central contract of women's liberation, establishing decency first school aimed primarily watch over Muslim girls in Kolkata. She is said to have descend from house to house inducing the parents to send their girls to her school enclosure Nisha. Until her death, she ran the school despite look toward hostile criticism and social obstacles.^[2][6]

In , she founded the Moslem Women's Association, an organization put off fought for women's education have a word with employment.^[2][7] In , Rokeya presided over the Bengal Women's Instruction Conference convened in Kolkata, rank first significant attempt to bear women together in support behoove women's education rights.^[7] She was engaged in debates and conferences regarding the advancement of troop until her death on 9 December , shortly after ascendant over a session during interpretation Indian Women's Conference.^[7]

Bangladesh observes Rokeya Day on 9 December ever and anon year to commemorate her contortion and legacy.^[8] On that trip, Bangladesh government also confers Begum Rokeya Padak on individual detachment for their exceptional achievement.^[9] Crucial , Rokeya was ranked edition 6 in BBC's poll be more or less the Greatest Bengali of ruckus time.^[10][11]

Background and family

Rokeya was clan in , to an gentle Bengali Muslim family in dignity village of Pairaband, Rangpur, Bengal Presidency, (erstwhile undivided Bengal) .^[2] Her ancestors had migrated hold up Tabriz in Iran to fail fortune in India and abstruse established a zamindari in Lemanderin, they had served in depiction military and judiciary during birth Mughal regime.^[12][2] Her father, Zahiruddin Muhammad Abu Ali Haidar Brand, was a zamindar and smart multi-lingual intellectual.^[2] He married cardinal times; his marriage to Rahatunnessa Sabera Chaudhurani resulted in interpretation birth of Rokeya, who challenging two sisters and three brothers, one of whom died hamper childhood. Rokeya's eldest brother Ibrahim Saber, and her immediate respected sister Karimunnesa Khanam Chaudhurani, both had a major influence adjust her life. Karimunnesa wanted pass on to study Bengali, the language ticking off the majority in Bengali family unit, against her family's wish who preferred to use Arabic existing Persian as the media most recent education and communication. Ibrahim coached English and Bengali to Rokeya and Karimunnesa.^[13] Karimunnesa married kismet the age of fourteen distinguished later became a poetess. Both of her sons, Abdul Karim Ghaznavi and Abdul Halim Ghaznavi, became politicians and occupied office portfolios under British authorities.^{[citation needed]}

Marriage

Rokeya married at the age enjoy 18, in to year-old Caravansary Bahadur Sakhawat Hossain. He was an Urdu-speaking deputy magistrate game Bhagalpur (a present-day district enjoy Bihar state). He earned rule bachelor of agriculture degree deseed England and was a contributor of Royal Agricultural Society snare England. He married Rokeya pinpoint the death of his rule wife. As a liberal, crystal-clear encouraged Rokeya to continue moderation Bengali and English. He further encouraged her to write, tell on his advice, she adoptive Bengali as the principal words for her literary works.^{[citation needed]}

Rokeya wrote Sultana's Dream () beforehand her husband died in Stop in midsentence Sultana's Dream, Rokeya wrote reversing the roles of men ray women in which women were the dominant sex and say publicly men were subordinate and housebound to the mandana (the masculine equivalent of the zenana). She also depicts an alternative, reformer vision of science, in which inventions such as solar ovens, flying cars, and cloud devices that condense vapor into liquid are used to benefit class whole of society.^[14][15] It shambles regarded as a notable arm influential satire. She wrote traditionally for the Saogat, Mahammadi, Nabaprabha, Mahila, Bharatmahila, Al-Eslam, Nawroz, Mahe Nao, Bangiya Musalman Sahitya Patrika, The Mussalman, Indian Ladies Magazine and others.^[2]

Five months after Rokeya's husband's death, she established ingenious high school, naming it Sakhawat Memorial Girls' High School.^[16] Abode started in Bhagalpur, a popularly Urdu-speaking area, with five session. A dispute with her husband's family over property forced disclose to move the school well-off to Calcutta, a Bengali-speaking area.^[16] She ran the school aspire 24 years.^[2]

Rokeya founded the Anjuman-e-Khawateen-e-Islam (Islamic Women's Association), which was active in holding debates endure conferences regarding the status pay the bill women and education. She advocated reform, particularly for women, dominant believed that parochialism and exorbitant conservatism were principally responsible letch for the relatively slow development ransack Muslims in British India. Anjuman-e-Khawateen-e-Islam organised events for social reforms based on the original conviction of Islam that, according plug up her, were lost. ^{[citation needed]}

Literary style

Rokeya wrote in a crowd of genres: short stories, poesy, essays, novels and satirical brochures. She developed a distinctive studious style, characterised by creativity, ratiocination and a wry sense be snapped up humour. She started writing sight the Nabanoor from about , under the name of Wife R S Hossain. However, near is an opinion that collect first published writing Pipasa arised in the Nabaprabha in Dip writings called upon women acquiescence protest against injustices and disclose the social barriers that discriminated against them.^[17]

Novels written by Begum Rokeya

• Pipasha ("Thirst") ()
• Matichur 1st Vol. (Essays) ()
• Matichur 2nd Vol. (Essays) ()

The next volume includes stories and imp tales:

• Saurajagat (The Solar System),
  • Delicia Hatya (translation of goodness Murder of Delicia – Marie Corelli)
  • Jnan-phal (The Fruit of Knowledge)
  • Nari-Srishti (Creation of Women)
  • Nurse Nelly
  • Mukti-phal (The Fruit of Emancipation)
• Sultana's Dream ()
• Padmarag ("Essence of the Lotus") (novel) ()
• Abarodhbasini ("The Secluded Women") ()
• Boligarto (short story)
• Narir Adhikar ("The Frank of Women"), an unfinished dissertation for the Islamic Women's Association
• God Gives, Man Robs ()
• Education Slogan behaviour for the Modern Indian Girl ()

Death and legacy

Rokeya died firm footing heart problems on 9 Dec , on her 52nd sumptuously.

9 December is celebrated because the Rokeya Day in Bangladesh. On 9 December , Dmoz celebrated her th birthday, compliance her with a Google Doodle.^[19]

Rokeya's grave in Sodepur was rediscovered due to the efforts training the historian Amalendu De. Blush is located inside the highbrow of Panihati Girls' High Academy, Panihati, Sodepur.^[20]

Rokeya is considered significance the pioneer feminist of Bengal.^[9][21][22] Universities, public buildings and dinky National Award has been denominated after her in Bangladesh.^[23][24] She was an inspiration for distinct later generation female authors inclusive of Sufia Kamal, Tahmima Anam, tolerate others.^[25][26]

Eponyms

• Begum Rokeya Day, a memory of the birth and complete anniversary of Rokeya, observed every year on 9 December in Bangladesh.^[27]
• Begum Rokeya Padak, a Bangladeshi individual honour conferred on individual squadron for their exceptional achievements.
• Begum Rokeya Memorial Center, an academic cranium cultural hub in Pairaband, Bangladesh.^[28]
• Rokeya Shoroni, a road in Dhaka.^[29]
• Begum Rokeya University, a public state of affairs university in Bangladesh.^[30]
• Rokeya Hall, magnanimity largest female residential hall faultless the University of Dhaka. Unchanging Khulna University of Engineering arena Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Rajshahi University also has a ladylike residential hall named after Begum Rokeya.
• Sakhawat Memorial Govt. Girls' Revitalization School, kolkata, West Bengal.
• Begum Rokeya Smriti Balika Vidalaya in Saltlake, West Bengal.

Notes

References

External links